The importance of silhouette in the perception of the urban landscape. Saldus example
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22616/j.landarchart.2022.21.03Keywords:
silhouette, visibility analysis, city gates, landscape perception, urban identityAbstract
The silhouette of a city can be described as its image or as its face, which tends to change over time, and it is very important to incorporate it into urban planning to build a recognisable image of the city. The purpose of the study is to create development proposals and recommendations for building the silhouette of a city, while preserving and highlighting the valuable elements already present. In order to achieve this, the study examines the factors forming the silhouette of a city and their role in the human perception of urban spaces. A methodology was developed for analysing silhouettes, and was used in the towns of Tukums, Talsi, Kuldīga, and Saldus. The spatial and architectural structure of the towns, their history, factors forming their silhouette were studied, with general recommendations for the development of the silhouette from a specific kind of viewing location in the towns – their gates.
References
Ancītis V. (1996) SALDUS. Kurzemes mazpilsēta gadu ritumā. Riga: A/S Preses nams, 1996, p. 136
Auns M. Johans Kristofs Broce. Zīmējumi un apraksti. 4. sējums – Latvijas mazās pilsētas un lauki. LU: Latvijas vēstures institūta apgāds, 2007, 483 p.
Bostanci S. H., Oral M. Experimental Approach on the Cognitive Perception of Historical Urban Skyline. Iconarp International Journal Architecture and Planning, 2017, No. 5, p. 45–59.
Briņķis J., Buka O. Pilsētu un lauku apdzīvoto vietu kompleksu arhitektoniski telpiskā plānošana. Riga: RTU, 2006. p. 236
Buka O., Volrāts U. Pilsētbūvniecība. Riga: “Zvaigzne”, 1987, p. 247
Chan E., Baumann O., Bellgrove M. A., Matingley J. B. From objects to landmarks: the function of visual location information in spatial navigation. Frontiers in Psychology, 2012, No. 304, p. 1–11.
Chizzoniti D. The nature of cities. In: Cities’ Identity through Architecture and Arts. London: Routledge, 2018, p. 297–308.
DEM, DSM, DTM Differences – A Look at Elevation Models in GIS [online 21.09.2022]. https://gisgeography.com/dem-dsm-dtm-differences/
Digitālā augstuma modeļa pamatdati: Latvijas Ģeotelpiskās informācijas aģentūra. [online 20.09.2022]. https://lgia.gov.lv/lv/Digitālais%20virsmas%20modelis
Esri. ArcGis Pro. Visibility (3D Analyst). [online 20.09.2022]. https://pro.arcgis.com/en/pro-pp/latest/tool-reference/3d-analust/visibility.htm
Yesiltepe D., Dalton R. C., Torun A. O. Landmarks in wayfinding: a review of existing literature. Springer, 2021, p. 42.
Yusoff N. A. H., Noor A. M., Ghazali R. City Skyline Conservarion: Sustaining the Premier Image of Kuala Lumpur. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 2014, No. 20, p. 583– 592.
Jansons G. Kurzemes pilsētu senās koka ēkas. Riga: “ZINĀTNE”, 1982, 183 p.
Karlštrēma I. Pilsētas siluets arhitektūrā. [online 21.08.2022]. https://enciklopedija.lv/skirklis/55902
Kipere Z. Dabas un vēstures kalendārs 2003. Riga: Izdevniecība “Zinātne”, 2002, p. 253.
Kuldīgas novada vēsture. [online 05.10.2022] https://www.kuldigasmuzejs.lv/kuldigas-vesture
Kurzemes plānošanas reģiona pašreizējās situācijas raksturojums (2016): Kurzemes plānošanas reģiona Ilgtspējīgas attīstības stratēģija 2015.–2030. gadam un Attīstības programma 2015.–2030. gadam 5. pielikums. [online 25.09.2022] http://kurzemesregions.lv/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Pašreizējās-situācijas-raksturojums.pdf
Liepiņa S., Vempere I. Talsi. Riga: Apgāds “Jumava”, 2005, p. 47
Markova M. (2014) Latgales dievnamu ainava. [online 10.10.2022]. https://llufb.llu.lv/disertacijas/landscape-architecture/Madara_Markova_promocijas_darbs_2014_LLU.pdf
Nachar E. E., Abdel–Hadi A. Place identity/place making in the built environment – towards a methodological perspective. In: Cities’ Identity through Architecture and Arts. London: Routledge, 2018, p. 73–82.
Otahel J., Ira V., Hlavata Z., Pazur R. Visibility and perception analysis of city monuments: The case of Bratislava city centre (Slovakia). Moravian geographical reports. Institute of Geonics: The Czech Academy of Sciences, 2018, No. 26(1), p. 55–68.
Ozola A. Tukums: vecpilsēta; ielas un nami, to iedzīvotāji. Tukums: Tukuma muzejs, 2007, p. 559
Prus B., Wilkosz – Mamcarczyk M., Salata T. Landmarks as Cultural Heritage Assets Affecting the Distribution of Settlements in Rural Areas – An Analysis Based on LIDAR DTM, Digital Photographs and Historical Maps. Basel, Switzerland: Remote sensing, 2020, No. 12(11), p. 1778.
Saldus novada teritorijas plānojums 2013.–2025. gadam (2013): Saldus pilsētas teritorijas pašreizējā izmantošana. [online 05.10.2022]. https://saldus.lv/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Saldus_pilseta_pasreizeja.pdf
Shuk-Han Mak A., Kin-Man Yip E., Lai P. C. Developing a City Skyline for Hong Kong Using GIS and Urban Design Guidelines. URISA Journal, 2005, No. 17(1), p. 33–42.
Strautmanis I. Latviskā telpa. Riga: RTU izdevniecība, 2011, p. 157
Šusts V. Telpas uztvere un kompozīcija. Riga: “Zvaigzne”, 1979, p. 126
Thirumaran K., Kirythiga K. Conservation strategies to revive the imageability of the Kumbakonam historic town. In: Cities’ Identity through Architecture and Arts. London: Routledge, 2018, p. 27–36.
Zeids T., Brambe R., Straube G. Johans Kristofs Broce. Zīmējumi un apraksti. 3. sējums – Latvijas mazās pilsētas un lauki. Riga: Izdevniecība “Zinātne”, 2002, p. 480
Ziemeļniece A. Transformation of the silhouette of the urban space. Jelgava example. [online 26.10.2022]. https://web.archive.org/web/20180602052840id_/http:/llufb.llu.lv/Raksti/Landscape_Architecture_Art/2017/Latvia-Univ-Agricult_Landscape_Architect_Art_VOL_10_2017-59-65.pdf
Ziemeļniece A., Īle U., Stokmane I. Spatial identity of Latvian cultural landscape within regional context. Scientific Journal of Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies Landscape Architecture and Art, 2021, No. 19, p. 7–17.
Zilgalvis J. Viduslaiku arhitektūras formu izpausmes Kuldīgas 19. gs. otrās puses apbūvē. In: Pilsēta, laikmets, vide: Latvijas Mākslas akadēmijas Mākslas institūta publikāciju sērija. Riga: Neptuns, 2007, p. 125–136.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Landscape Architecture and Art
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.