Continuity of traditions and innovation in modern landscape design in China
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22616/j.landarchart.2021.18.10Keywords:
landscape design, China, historical gardens, modern parks, continuityAbstract
The article analyzes the features of traditional Chinese landscape design and its impact on the landscape design of modern Chinese parks. The purpose of the article is to compare the historical gardens and modern parks of China in order to determine the continuity and at the same time the features of innovation. The main difference between historical gardens and modern parks is emphasized: historical gardens were aimed
at creating a calm, serene atmosphere of contemplation of nature; modern parks often combine traditional landscape techniques and the function of entertainment. The main historical landscape techniques provided for the presence of a lake and artificial mountains as symbols of immortality, a constant change of views, contemplation of the landscape through the opening as a picture in a frame, the inclusion of a small garden in the large, partitioning the space with "green screens". Modern parks in China still inherit these techniques in general: they have reservoirs, a lot of greenery, park pavilions, but there are already views from distant points, the parks are surrounded by a wall of skyscrapers, entertaining attractions have appeared in them, and in the evenings they
are illuminated with bright illumination. Despite their attractiveness and modernity, the atmosphere of the Chinese garden has changed from a secluded personal to a public character, as can be seen in the examples of modern parks in Xi'an and Hong Kong.
References
方利强. 浙派园林论. 北京 : 中国电力出版社, 2018. (Fang, L. On the Zhejiang Garden. Beijing: China Electric Power Press, 2018.)
方志戎. 亭子设计和建造 . 南京 : 东南大学出版社, 2016. (Fang Z. Pavilion design and construction. Nanjing: Southeast University Publishing house, 2016.)
宫灵娟 . 苏州古典园林 . 南京 : 江苏科学技术出版社, 2014. (Gong, L. Suzhou Classical Garden. Nanjing: Jiangsu Science and Technology Press, 2014.)
黄维. 传统文化语境下风景园林建筑设计的传承与创新. 长春 : 东北师范大学出版社, 2019. (Huang, M. Inheritance and Innovation of Landscape Architecture Design in the Context of Traditional Culture. Chang Chun: Northeast Normal University Press, 2019.)
Ivashko Yu., Chernyshev D., Chang P. Functional and figurative and compositional features of traditional Chinese pavilions. Wiadomości Konserwatorskie – Journal of Heritage Conservation, 2020, No.61, p.60 – 66.
Ivashko, Yu., Kuśnierz-Krupa, D., Chang, P. History of origin and development, compositional and morphological features of park pavilions in Ancient China. Landscape architecture. Scientific Journal of Latvia University of Agriculture, 2020, vol. 15, No. 15, р.78 – 85.
Ivashko, Yu., Kuzmenko, T., Li, S., Chang P. The influence of the natural environment on the transformation of architectural style. Landscape architecture. Scientific Journal of Latvia University of Agriculture, 2020, vol. 15, No. 15, р.101 – 108.
姜振鹏. 传统建筑园林营造技艺. 北京 : 中国建筑工业出版社, 2013. (Jiang, Z. Traditional building garden construction skills. Beijing: China Construction Industry Press, 2013.)
李春青. 中国传统园林景路设计理法. 发行地: 中央民族出版社, 2010. (Li, C. Chinese traditional garden landscape road design method. Beijing: Central National Publishing House, 2010.)
刘敦桢. 苏州古典园林 . 北京 : 中国建筑工业出版社, 2005. (Liu, D. Classical gardens of Suzhou. Beijing: China Construction Industry Press, 2005.)
楼庆西. 亭子. 北京 : 清华大学出版社, 2016. (Lou, Q. Рavilion (Bite of architecture). Beijing: Tsinghua University Press, 2016.)
Orlenko, M., Ivashko, Yu., Dyomin, М., Dmytrenko, A., Chang, P. Rational and aestetic principles of formmaking in traditional Chinese architecture as the basis of restoration activities. International journal of conservation science, 2020, vol. 11, issue 2, p. 499 – 512.
潘家平. 中国传统园林与堆山叠石. 台北 : 田园城市文化事业有限公司, 1994. (Pan, J. Chinese traditional garden and pile of stacked stones. Taibei: Tianyuan City Cultural Enterprise Co., Ltd., 1994.)
裴元生. 中国园林建筑设计传统理法与继承研究 . 昆明: 云南人民出版社, 2018. (Pei, Y. Research on
Traditional Theory and Inheritance of Chinese Garden Architecture Design. Kunming: Yunnan People's Publishing House, 2018.)
Qin, L. Chinese pavilions. Beijing: China Architecture and Building Press, 2019.
佟裕哲. 中国传统景园建筑设计理论. 西安 : 陕西科学技术出版社, 1994. (Tong, Y.Z. The theory of Chinese traditional landscape architecture. Хiаn: Shaanxi Science and Technology Press, 1994.)
Виноградова, Н.А. Китай, Корея, Япония: образ мира в искусстве. Сборник научных статей. Москва: Традиция-Прогресс, 2010. (Vinogradova, N.A. China, Korea, Japan: the image of the world in art. Collection of scientific articles.Moscow: Traditsiya-Progress, 2010.)
王光龙,张杭岭. 杭州园林古建筑传统技术 . 杭州 : 浙江摄影出版社, 2014. (Wang, G., Zhang, H. Traditional techniques of ancient garden architecture in Hangzhou. Jilin: Zhejiang Photography Publishing House, 2014.)
王毅. 园林与中国文化 . 上海: 上海人民出版社, 1990. (Wang, Y. Chinese traditional garden and pile of stacked stones. Shanghai: Shanghai Nationalities Publishing House, 1990.)
邢月. 中国园林建筑设计传统理法与继承研究. 长春 : 吉林大学出版社, 2016. (Xing, Y. Research on
Traditional Theory and Inheritance of Chinese Garden Architecture Design. Сhangchun: Jilin University Press, 2016.)
邢月 . 中国园林建筑设计传统理法与继承研究. 长春 : 吉林大学出版社, 2018. (Xing, Y. Research on
Traditional Theory and Inheritance of Chinese Garden Architecture Design. Jilin: Jilin University Press, 2018.)
趙光華/編著;邱茂/訳. 中国古典園林 . 京都 : 美乃美, 1982. (Zhao, G., Qiu M. Chinese classical garden. Kyoto: Minami, 1982.)
周维权. 中国古典园林史. 北京 : 清华大学出版社, 2008. (Zhou, W. History of Chinese Classical Gardens. Beijing: Tsinghua University Press, 2008.)
朱广宇. 手绘中国皇家建筑与经典园林 . 天津 : 天津大学出版社, 2010. (Zhu, G. Hand-painted Chinese royal buildings and classic gardens. Tianjin: Tianjin University Press, 2010.)
朱钧珍. 中国亭子艺术. 香港 : 和平图书有限公司, 2003. (Zhu, J. Chinese Pavilion Art. Hong Kong: Peace
Books Co., Ltd., 2003.)
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Landscape Architecture and Art
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.