Formation and transformation of the marketplace network within the urban structure of Vilnius

Abstract

Marketplaces encompass much more than a commercial function – these spaces have always been essential parts of the fabric of urban structure and living. Today, they are taking on new roles as places of cultural attraction and social interaction. At the same time, marketplaces face challenges in their physical and functional restructuring, as well as in preserving their distinctive historical and cultural characteristics. The study analyses urban plans, historical literature, and the spatial aspects of Vilnius‘ marketplaces, as well as their social, economic and urban contexts. Based on ideas by Lynch, Sennett and Jacobs, marketplaces are interpreted as urban nodes – strategically important locations that contribute to urban viability, social cohesion and cultural identity. The study identifies the development and decline of marketplace network in the context of historical, political and economic shifts. The marketplace network within urban structure is analysed in different periods – historical, Soviet and contemporary Vilnius. The identified characteristics of Vilnius marketplaces allow for a comprehensive analysis of their transformations over time, encompassing different stages of development. A cyclical pattern of marketplaces can be observed in the city’s structure, including initiation, growth, and peak, followed by a period of crisis or stagnation, after which marketplaces are either closed or undergo major changes. The study reveals the ability of markets to maintain their historical continuity and adapt to changing conditions. It emphasises the importance of urban continuity, where tradition becomes a basis for innovation. The significance of integration of markets into contemporary urban strategies, such as “15-minute city”, is highlighted to develop a viable, inclusive and sustainable city.